

2, which may further unveil the role of paddy rice agriculture in the seasonal dynamics and spatial distributions of XCH 4 in monsoon Asia. Here, we provide our responses to the two concerns raised by Zeng et al. Their results, analyses, and discussion offer insights into how the GHGF-Flux model assesses the relative roles of in situ CH 4 emissions, atmospheric chemistry, and atmospheric transport in the spatial-temporal dynamics of XCH 4. 2 as their work used the Greenhouse Gas Framework – Flux (GHGF-Flux) forward model, a state-of-the-art flux inversion system used by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Carbon Monitoring System program. We appreciate the comments from Zeng et al. In our study 1, we implied that annual paddy rice maps at moderate spatial resolution (500 m) may be used to increase the accuracy of and reduce the uncertainty in modeling XCH 4 dynamics over those areas with moderate to large proportions of rice paddy. Based on annual paddy rice maps at the 500-m spatial resolution, our study 1 investigated the spatial and seasonal consistency between rice paddies and atmospheric methane concentration in monsoon Asia.

Nature Communications 10.1038/s41464-7 (2021)Ītmospheric methane concentration (XCH 4) measured by satellite-based sensors is affected by in situ CH 4 emissions (local fluxes), atmospheric chemistry, and atmospheric transport (external fluxes).
